Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are non -cancer growths that develop in the uterus. They are often detected during routine gynecological visits and can be found in different sizes, locations and numbers. Many women with fibroids have no symptoms, but for some, the impact of health can be significant.
Causes
Although the exact cause of uterine fibroids is not fully known, several factors can play a role in their growth. Genetics is also a major factor – fibroids often work in families. Hormones, in particular estrogen and progesterone, also encourage the growth of fibroids, and that is why they often shrink after menopause when hormone levels drop. Obesity, early menstruation and a diet rich in red and low meat in fruits and vegetables can also increase the probability of developing fibroids. In addition, African-American women are more likely to develop fibroids and tend to have more serious symptoms.
Symptoms
Uterine fibroids can be asymptomatic and many women do not know they have it. But in some cases, fibroids can lead to a variety of symptoms. The most typical symptoms are heavy menstrual bleeding, long periods and pain or pelvic pressure. Some women also suffer from mid -minds, constipation and frequent pain during intercourse. In the most serious cases, fibroids can cause infertility, or complications of pregnancy, including miscarriage or premature work. The severity of the symptoms often depends on the size, number and location of fibroids.
Prevention
Although certain precautions may not be able to stop uterine fibroids, certain lifestyle changes can reduce the risk or help control the condition. Regular exercise and healthy weight are significant because obesity is a risk factor for fibroids. A healthy diet which includes many fruits, vegetables and whole grains and limits red and processed meats can help reduce the risk. There is also evidence that a diet rich in vitamin D could have a protective effect – more research is necessary to confirm this association.
In the field of hormonal balance, estrogen control is the main strategy to prevent or treat fibroids. Certain methods of contraception of births and especially hormonal, such as the pill or intrauterine devices (IUD), can help regulate menstrual cycles and minimize heavy bleeding linked to fibroids.
The embolistion of the uterine artery, myomectomy or hysterectomy as a last resort are other available treatment options. For women with more serious symptoms, drugs such as GNRH agonists or progestins can help reduce fibroids by reducing estrogen levels. Antibiotic drugs sound in one way or another, but some cases should be eliminated surgically. Uterine fibroids are a widespread condition that may have different symptoms. Taking care of your uterus thanks to healthy lifestyle choices, alongside regular gynecological visits for projections, can help support your overall uterine health.
Dr Kinjal Avdhut Kothari, Associate consultant OBG, Manipal Hospital, Goa