The mice “ spectators ” try to relaunch unconscious companions, reveals a new study, suggesting Our natural inclination To help others in need, is deeply in our inheritance of mammals.
The researchers also observed the dismissal in a part of the brain responsible for involuntary functions. In addition to the increases in hormonal signals, this seemed essential to paramedical activity.
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While the “ first aid ” of rodents involve more deaths than the human version, the neuroscientist of the University of Southern California (USC) Wenjian Sun and his colleagues found the technique of shooting the language of the mouse of the mouse Expanding their airways from their unconscious counterpart, allowing the patient to recover more quickly.
Another recent study He also demonstrated it, and identified a neural circuit which links the tongue shooting to rapid excitement in anesthetized mice.
Similar rescue behavior has long been documented in larger mammals dolphins And elephantsand mice are known for Help others of their species When trapped, but behaviors and “first aid” have not been studied in detail in the smallest mammals before.
We cannot say with certainty if the nursing mice consciously intend to help, the researchers say. But that the mice would continue to attempt rescues over five days of rehearsal suggest that resuscitation events are unlikely that a side effect of curiosity, the sun and the team argue.
Researchers also found that mice were more likely to try mouse mouse resuscitation on familiar companions on foreign mice.
“This familiarity bias tells you that the animal does not reflexively respond to the stimuli they see”, a neuroscientist of the University of Toledo, James Burkett, who was not involved in the study, said Jonathan Lambert at NPR. “They take into account the aspects of the situation and the identity of the animal when they form their response.”
In their series of experiences, Sun and his team presented cage mice with dead, unconscious or motionless companions, some who were known to the potential mouse of caregiver, and other perfect perfect.
In 50% of all cases, the conscious mouse removed the language from the mouths of their insensitive companions. These mice were all able to recover and start walking long before those who were left alone did not do so.
“They start by sniff, then grooming, then with a very intensive or physical interaction,” said the physiologist of the USC Li Zhang said Chris Simms at New scientist. “They really open the mouth of this animal and remove its tongue.”
In 80% of cases, the rescuer withdrew an object that scientists had placed in the mouths of the anesthetized mouse. However, objects placed in the rectum or the genitals of the mouse have been ignored.
Researk attempts were also made on dead mice, but not on those who were sleeping.
In A third studyResearchers from the University of California in Los Angeles, found that when the mice were presented with insensitive peers, the medial amygdal lights up.
This was different from the brain sun and observed colleagues becoming active when a mouse interacts with a stressed companion, suggesting that the behaviors of “first aid” are distinct.
The sun and the team identified an increase in pharmacy – a social connection hormone – among caregivers’ paraventricular nucleus Also in their study.
These two regions of the brain are known to be involved in care behavior.
The neuroscientists William Sheeran and Zoe Donaldson conclude In a comment on new studies, “these results add to the proof that an impulse to help others in states of extreme distress is shared by many species.”
This research was published in Science.