IN SOUND A 19th-century home on a cliff overlooking Paris, Jean-Marie Le Pen kept a collection of nautical memorabilia in his cluttered office, including an enormous pair of brass binoculars mounted on stands. It is easy to imagine the French far-right leader, who died on January 7 at the age of 96, turning his furious gaze on the city below: invaded, he would declaim, like the country, by immigrants, Muslims, Jews, homosexuals. people and everyone else he deemed undesirable. More than any other post-war European leader, during his seven decades of public life, Mr. Le Pen was responsible for the revival of an extreme form of xenophobic politics, which has now increasingly become more common.